Socio-Religious Dynamics And Financial Independence:
A Model of Community Empowerment Based on Pesantren and Zakat Funds in Bangkalan
Keywords:
Financial Independence, Pesantren, Productive Zakat, Religious Social Capital, Community Empowerment, Bangkalan.Abstract
The financial independence of rural agrarian communities in Bangkalan Regency is persistently hindered by fragmented Islamic philanthropy management and the structural isolation of Islamic boarding school (pesantren) economic enterprises from real grassroots markets. This empirical investigation formulates an integrated community empowerment model anchored in the convergence of pesantren socio-religious capital and productive zakat funds. Employing a qualitative multiple-case study design, empirical evidence was gathered through extensive in-depth interviews with charismatic religious scholars (kyai), institutional zakat administrators (BAZNAS and philanthropic agencies), and micro-enterprise beneficiaries (mustahiq), complemented by participant observation and documentary analysis. The findings reveal that the kyai's symbolic capital and religious authority fundamentally redefine traditional agrarian zakat practices, shifting them from short-term charitable hand-outs into regenerative capital assets. Pesantren function simultaneously as community business incubators, halal certification hubs, and off-taker market guarantors for beneficiary agricultural yields. This circular institutional synergy significantly boosts household net margins, instills proactive micro-entrepreneurial agency, and insulates vulnerable households from informal predatory lenders.
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